Mineral County History
While white settlers came to the area around the present town of Ridgeley as far back as the early 1700s, the early English possession of the territory that eventually becomes Mineral County is not entirely clear as to dates and circumstances, but some consistency exists among historians as to the chief events.
Grant of "Northern Neck"
Apparently, in 1664, Charles II granted the "Northern Neck" to Thomas, Lord Culpepper. In 1688, James II made a new grant that gave Culpepper possession of all the lands between the Rappahanock and the Potomac Rivers to their headwaters.
Surveying the Territory
In 1736, a commission of six men sent a surveying party under the leadership of Major William Mayo to explore Fairfax's territory. This first survey of Fairfax's domains provided the first useful map of the region, and Mayo's journal provided most of the knowledge available to settlers who began breaking through the Blue Ridge into western Virginia territory about the same time. The New Creek area received its name from the Mayo expedition.
Tensions and Disputes
As settlement increased, tensions grew between Virginia's (and Fairfax's) claim to the territory and Maryland's claim to the same territory. The matter was investigated in 1832 and reaffirmed the correctness of the Fairfax survey. However, Maryland persisted in its claim, resulting in several court sessions and ultimately ended up before the United States Supreme Court, which settled in favor of West Virginia in 1910.
Surveying Parties and Early Settlements
In 1748, Lord Fairfax sent another surveying party led by James Genn into the area. Among the surveyors was the sixteen-year-old George Washington, who kept a journal of the expedition. The purpose of this expedition was to survey lots for distribution to individuals. Between 1748 and 1751, 300 lots were surveyed, including the Wappacoma (South Branch) Manor and the Patterson Creek manor, which eventually developed into Burlington.
County Divisions
Throughout the various surveys and the arrival of settlers, the area underwent several name changes and divisions. Finally, in 1866, the western half of Hardy County became Grant County and the western half of Hampshire County became Mineral County.
The Impact of the French and Indian War
The French and Indian War disrupted early settlement of the region and provided focal points for the towns that would eventually make up Mineral County. Fort Ashby and the Blockhouse were important forts for early settlers seeking protection from French and Indian invasions.
New Creek and the Civil War
New Creek, which later became Keyser, gained importance during the Civil War. It served as an important military base due to its strategic location and commanded roads leading to the South Branch and Shenandoah Valleys.
The Young County
Mineral County came into existence only 132 years ago, and its boundaries were not fully established until nearly the twentieth century. Despite its proximity to the East Coast and North America's oldest settlements, Mineral County still retains the rugged vitality and pioneering spirit of America's early days.
Hotels in Mineral County
When visiting Mineral County to explore its rich history, you can find comfortable accommodations in the area. There are several hotels conveniently located within the county that offer a range of amenities to cater to your travel needs. Whether you prefer a boutique hotel or a budget-friendly option, Mineral County has options to suit every traveler's preference.